What unique vine training method is employed on Santorini due to climatic conditions?

The basket weave shape, or "kouloura," is a unique vine training method used in Santorini primarily due to its specific climatic conditions, particularly the high winds and limited rainfall characteristic of the region. This technique involves training the vines into a circular shape that forms a basket close to the ground.

This design helps the vines to protect their grapes from strong winds, which can be damaging, and also minimizes the exposure of the grapes to the sun, reducing the risk of sunburn in the hot and dry climate. By keeping the fruit close to the ground, the basket weave shape conserves moisture and allows the vines to better utilize the limited water resources available, which is crucial on volcanic soils that drain quickly. This unique adaptation not only helps ensure the survival of the vines but also contributes to the distinctive character of Santorini wines, particularly the Assyrtiko variety, which thrives under these specific conditions.

Other training methods such as vertical shoot positioning, low-trained trellising, and high cordon training are more conventional and common in various regions but do not offer the same level of protection and suitability for the unique environmental challenges presented by Santorini’s climate.