What are the two categories of PDO wines in Italy?

The two categories of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) wines in Italy are DOC (Denominazione di Origine Controllata) and DOCG (Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita). DOC wines signify that the wine meets specific quality standards and originates from a defined geographic area, while DOCG wines are a superior category that not only meets the DOC criteria but also undergoes even more stringent controls, including tasting by a government commission before being granted this designation.

This classification system is crucial for consumers as it communicates the quality and authenticity of Italian wines. DOCG wines are particularly esteemed, often associated with well-known production regions and traditional winemaking practices, ensuring a higher standard of quality. This distinction helps safeguard Italy's diverse wine heritage, making the DOC and DOCG categories integral to the country's wine laws and marketing.

Other options do not represent the appropriate classifications for PDO wines in Italy. For instance, IGT (Indicazione Geografica Tipica) wines are considered a step down from the PDO categories and include wines that may not adhere to as strict regulations.