What are the five main grape varieties featured in Touraine AC?

The selection of grape varieties listed as the correct answer accurately reflects the principal varieties cultivated in the Touraine AOC, which is located in the Loire Valley of France. This region is recognized for its diverse climatic and soil conditions that allow a variety of grapes to thrive, notably the white varieties of Sauvignon Blanc and Chenin Blanc, which are quintessential to the Loire's identity and produce wines that range from dry to sweet.

In addition to these whites, Cabernet Franc is particularly celebrated in Touraine for its role in red wine production, contributing to the region's signature style with its elegant fruit and herbal characteristics. Gamay, while more commonly associated with the Beaujolais region, is also found in some areas of Touraine and adds to the diversity of red wines produced there. Malbec is a lesser extent used in Touraine and is not one of the predominant varieties; however, it can still be found in some blends.

Matching this context with the other options shows that they contain grapes which are either not typical for the Touraine region or are not leading varieties. For instance, the first option includes Chardonnay and Merlot, which are not specifically associated with the identity of Touraine wines. The third option lists varieties that are more typical of the Southern Rhône